關稅調整-2022年1月1日起我國調整部分商品進出口關稅

每逢年末，我國會根據經濟社會發展情況，對部分進口商品的關稅稅率進行調整。經國務院批準，國務院關稅稅則委員會15日對外發布通知，明確了2022年關稅調整方案。

接受新華社采訪的專家和業內人士表示，此次調整降低了部分醫療產品、日用消費品、關鍵零部件等多種進口商品關稅，將進一步滿足人民生活、企業生產和社會發展需要，有利于維護國內產業鏈供應鏈安全穩定，支持科技創新和產業轉型升級，擴大高水平對外開放，推動高質量發展。

聚焦民生關切，調整部分醫療產品、消費品暫定稅率

2022年1月1日起，我國將對954項商品實施低于最惠國稅率的進口暫定稅率。

記者查閱通知附表發現，此次調整暫定稅率的進口商品中，不少是涉及民生的醫療產品，如新型抗癌藥氯化鐳注射液、顱內取栓支架、人造關節等。

解放軍總醫院神經內科醫學部神經介入科主任王君對顱內取栓支架這一產品格外關注。“顱內取栓支架是一種把形成的腦血栓取出來的器械，此次降低進口關稅后，將降低器械費用，為患者減少治療成本。”

2018年以來，我國已先后取消了第一批和第二批抗癌藥、罕見病藥原料藥以及部分用于治療哮喘的生物堿類藥品的關稅，降低了人工心臟瓣膜、助聽器等醫療器材的進口關稅。“回顧近年來暫定稅率調整，減輕患者經濟負擔、提升人民健康福祉這一目標清晰。”中國人民大學公共管理學院教授許光建說。

通知明確，2022年將降低部分消費品的進口關稅，包括鮭魚、鱈魚等優質水產品，嬰兒服裝，洗碗機，滑雪用具等；并將對超過100年的油畫等藝術品實施零關稅。

“降低這些與百姓生活密切相關產品的進口關稅，能更好滿足百姓消費升級需求，更好滿足人民對美好生活的向往。”中國輕工業聯合會秘書長郭永新說。

助推轉型升級，調整部分環境產品、關鍵零部件暫定稅率

促進綠色低碳發展是此次關稅調整的一大亮點。根據通知，2022年將對可提高車輛燃油效率、減少尾氣排放的汽油機顆粒捕集器、汽車用電子節氣門，以及可用于土壤修復的泥煤，降低進口關稅。

中國汽車技術研究中心資深專家黃永和表示，汽油機顆粒捕集器、汽車用電子節氣門等產品是促進汽車節能減排的重要零部件，降低關稅后，有利于支持汽車行業綠色低碳發展。

多項關稅調整助力制造業優化升級。例如，2022年將降低高純石墨配件、高速動車使用的高壓電纜、燃料電池用膜電極組件和雙極板等關鍵零部件的進口關稅，降低可可豆、植物精油、動物毛皮等食品加工、日化、皮革制造行業所需原材料的進口關稅。

此外，2022年7月1日起，我國還將對62項信息技術產品的最惠國稅率實施第七步降稅，其平均稅率將由3.4%降至1.7%。

業內人士表示，這些舉措安排立足國內發展需要，有利于維護國內產業鏈供應鏈安全穩定，支持科技創新和產業轉型升級，促進綠色低碳發展。

推進高水平對外開放，調整有關協定稅率

為持續推進高水平對外開放，根據我國與有關國家或地區簽署的自貿協定和優惠貿易安排，2022年將對原產于29個國家或地區的部分商品實施協定稅率。

其中，中國與新西蘭、秘魯、哥斯達黎加、瑞士、冰島、韓國、澳大利亞、巴基斯坦、格魯吉亞、毛里求斯等雙邊自貿協定以及亞太貿易協定將進一步降稅；區域全面經濟伙伴關系協定（RCEP）、中國—柬埔寨自貿協定自2022年1月1日起生效并實施降稅。

值得注意的是，中國—柬埔寨自貿協定是我國與最不發達國家商簽的第一個自貿協定。“中、柬雙方相互給予對方貨物貿易零關稅產品稅目比例達到97.5%、90%，這是雙方迄今所有自貿協定談判中的最高水平，將有助于增進兩國企業和人民的福祉。”財政部關稅司有關負責人說。

區域全面經濟伙伴關系協定方面，我國將與日本首次達成關稅減讓安排。“實施降稅首年，按2022年稅則稅目計，中、日雙方將分別對原產于對方24.9%和55.5%左右的稅目產品立即實施零關稅。對于相關企業來說，很快就能獲得更多市場機遇。”對外經濟貿易大學教授崔凡說。

此外，記者了解到，國務院關稅稅則委員會同日發布公告，擴大同中國建交的最不發達國家輸華零關稅待遇的產品范圍，給予最不發達國家98%稅目產品零關稅待遇，花生油等農產品、聚乙烯等化工品都將納入零關稅待遇范圍。

“這將進一步促進我國自非洲相關國家的進口，推動構建高水平中非命運共同體，進一步同最不發達國家共享市場機遇，踐行互利共贏。”財政部關稅司有關負責人說。轉自：新華社

At the end of each year, China will adjust the tariff rate of some imported goods according to the economic and social development. With the approval of The State Council, the Tariff Commission of The State Council issued a notice on Thursday specifying the tariff adjustment plan for 2022.

Experts interviewed by Xinhua News Agency and the personage inside course of study says, the adjustment to reduce some of the medical products, consumer goods, key parts such as a variety of import tariffs on goods, will further meet the needs of the people's life and production and social development, is conducive to maintaining domestic industry chain supply chain security and stability, support for technological innovation and industrial transformation and upgrading, expand the high level of opening to the outside, We will promote high-quality development.

We adjusted temporary tax rates for some medical products and consumer goods with a focus on people's wellbeing

Starting from January 1, 2022, China will apply temporary import tax rates lower than most-favored-nation rates on 954 items.

According to the schedule of the notice, many of the imported products are related to people's livelihood, such as radium chloride injection, intracranial thrombectomy stent and artificial joint.

Wang Jun, director of neurointerventional Department, Department of Neurology, PLA General Hospital, paid special attention to intracranial thrombectomy stent. "Intracranial thrombectomy stents are used to remove cerebral thrombosis, and the reduction of import tariffs will reduce the cost of the stents and reduce the cost of treatment for patients."

Since 2018, China has removed tariffs on the first and second batch of anti-cancer drugs, rare disease drug apis and some alkaloids used to treat asthma, and reduced import tariffs on artificial heart valves, hearing AIDS and other medical devices. "Reviewing the temporary tax rate adjustment in recent years, the goal of reducing the financial burden of patients and improving people's health and well-being is clear." Renmin University of China school of Public administration professor Xu Guangjian said.

Import tariffs on some consumer goods will be lowered in 2022, including high-quality aquatic products such as salmon and cod, baby clothes, dishwashers and skiing equipment. There will be zero tariffs on paintings and other works of art that are more than 100 years old.

"By lowering import tariffs on products closely related to people's lives, we can better meet people's demand for upgrading consumption and their desire for a better life." China Light Industry Association secretary General Guo Yongxin said.

We boosted economic transformation and upgrading, and adjusted temporary tax rates on some environmental products and key spare parts

Promoting green and low-carbon development is a highlight of the tariff adjustment. According to the circular, import tariffs will be lowered in 2022 on particle traps for gasoline engines, which can improve vehicle fuel efficiency and reduce exhaust emissions, electronic throttle valves for automobiles, and peat, which can be used for soil remediation.

Huang Yonghe, a senior expert at the China Automotive Technology and Research Center, said that particle traps for gasoline engines and electronic throttle for automobiles are important parts to promote energy conservation and emission reduction, and the reduction of tariffs will help support the green and low-carbon development of the auto industry.

Various tariff adjustments helped optimize and upgrade the manufacturing sector. For example, import tariffs on key components such as high-purity graphite parts, high-voltage cables for high-speed bullet trains, membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells and bipolar plates will be lowered in 2022, as well as import tariffs on raw materials needed for food processing, daily chemical and leather manufacturing industries such as cocoa beans, essential oils and animal fur.

In addition, from July 1, 2022, China will also implement the seventh step of tax reduction for 62 most-favored-nation tax rates on information technology products, with the average tax rate dropping from 3.4 percent to 1.7 percent.

These measures are based on domestic development needs and will help maintain the security and stability of domestic industrial and supply chains, support technological innovation and industrial transformation and upgrading, and promote green and low-carbon development, industry insiders said.

We will continue to open up to the outside world at a high level and adjust tax rates under relevant treaties

In order to continue to promote high-level opening-up, China will apply negotiated tariff rates in 2022 on some goods from 29 countries or regions, according to the free trade agreements and preferential trade arrangements China has signed with relevant countries or regions.

Among them, China will further reduce taxes in bilateral free trade agreements with New Zealand, Peru, Costa Rica, Switzerland, Iceland, South Korea, Australia, Pakistan, Georgia, Mauritius and asia-pacific Trade agreements. The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) and China-Cambodia Free Trade Agreement will come into force on January 1, 2022 and implement tax reductions.

It is worth noting that the China-Cambodia FREE Trade Agreement is the first one China has negotiated with the least developed country. "China and Cambodia have granted each other 97.5 percent and 90 percent of tariffs on goods, the highest levels in all fta negotiations so far, which will help improve the well-being of businesses and people of the two countries." Customs department of the Ministry of Finance said.

On the regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), China will for the first time reach tariff concessions with Japan. "In the first year of the tariff reduction, China and Japan will immediately implement zero tariff on 24.9 percent and 55.5 percent of the tariff items originated from each other, respectively, according to the 2022 tariff items. There will soon be more market opportunities for relevant companies." Cui Fan, a professor at the University of International Business and Economics.

In addition, the Customs Tariff Commission of The State Council issued a notice on the same day, extending zero-tariff treatment to 98% of the tariff items exported from the least developed countries that have established diplomatic relations with China. Peanut oil and other agricultural products, polyethylene and other chemical products will be included in the zero-tariff treatment.

"This will further boost China's imports from relevant African countries, promote the building of a high-quality China-Africa community with a shared future, further share market opportunities with the least developed countries, and practice mutual benefit and win-win outcomes." Customs department of the Ministry of Finance said.