RCEP背景下自行車外貿(mào)出口量將起飛

作為自行車出口大國，中國每年直接出口自行車整車約30多億美元。雖然原材料價格持續(xù)上漲，但中國自行車出口卻未受太大影響，行情表現(xiàn)強(qiáng)勁。

據(jù)海關(guān)統(tǒng)計，今年前三季度，中國自行車及零部件的出口額達(dá)到77.64億美元，同比增長67.9%，增速創(chuàng)下近5年來的最高紀(jì)錄。

在自行車整車出口的6種產(chǎn)品中，代表高端運(yùn)動、高附加值的競賽型自行車、山地自行車出口增長強(qiáng)勁，出口量同比分別增長了122.7%和50.6%。自行車產(chǎn)品檔次和附加值進(jìn)一步提高，9月份出口整車平均單價達(dá)到71.2美元，創(chuàng)歷史新高，對美國、加拿大、智利、俄羅斯等國出口量保持兩位數(shù)增幅。

“海關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2020年中國自行車出口同比增長28.3%至36.91億美元，創(chuàng)歷史新高;出口數(shù)量為6086萬輛，同比增長14.8%;出口平均單價為60.6美元，同比上漲11.8%。2021年度自行車出口額超過2020年幾成定局，將再創(chuàng)歷史新高。”中國機(jī)電產(chǎn)品進(jìn)出口商會展覽中心高級經(jīng)理劉澳克預(yù)判道。

究其原因，劉澳克對國際商報記者表示，自去年以來，受三方面因素影響，中國自行車出口呈現(xiàn)逆勢增長：一是需求增加，疫情的發(fā)生使人們更加青睞健康安全的騎行方式;二是疫情的發(fā)生使部分國家生產(chǎn)受阻，部分訂單轉(zhuǎn)移至中國;三是境外經(jīng)銷商今年上半年補(bǔ)倉趨勢走強(qiáng)。

“雖然出口實現(xiàn)增長，但自行車企業(yè)也面臨著原材料供應(yīng)緊張導(dǎo)致交貨延遲、原材料價格上漲、匯率波動、艙位難求、運(yùn)價上漲等困難，行業(yè)整體效益并未隨出口額增長而大幅增加，行業(yè)整體利潤率低于以往。”劉澳克直言，中國自行車出口的平均價格與生產(chǎn)中高端自行車的德國、日本、美國、荷蘭等國家相比仍存在差距。未來加快產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)提升，逐步改變以往國內(nèi)自行車產(chǎn)業(yè)以低附加值產(chǎn)品為主的局面，是中國自行車企業(yè)發(fā)展的當(dāng)務(wù)之急。

值得一提的是，《區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定》(RCEP)已進(jìn)入生效倒計時。在中國自行車前10大出口市場中，RCEP成員國占了7席，這意味著，RCEP生效后自行車行業(yè)將迎來重大發(fā)展機(jī)遇。

數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2020年中國自行車對RCEP自貿(mào)協(xié)定涉及的14個國家出口額為16億美元，占整體出口的43.4%，同比增長42.5%。其中，對東盟出口7.66億美元，占整體出口的20.7%，同比增長110.6%。

目前，RCEP成員國中，老撾、越南、柬埔寨對自行車全部商品或大部分商品關(guān)稅不予減讓，但一半的國家承諾對中國自行車關(guān)稅在8~15年內(nèi)減讓至零關(guān)稅，澳大利亞、新西蘭、新加坡和日本等國家已承諾直接減至零關(guān)稅。來源：中國商務(wù)新聞網(wǎng)

As a big exporter of bicycles, China directly exports bicycles worth more than 3 billion US dollars every year. Although raw material prices continue to rise, but China's bicycle exports have not suffered too much impact, market performance is strong.

According to customs statistics, in the first three quarters of this year, China's exports of bicycles and parts reached 7.764 billion US dollars, up 67.9 percent year on year, the highest growth rate in the past five years.

Among the six bicycle exports, the exports of high-end sports and high value-added racing bikes and mountain bikes showed strong growth, up 122.7 percent and 50.6 percent year-on-year respectively. In September, the average unit price of exported bicycles reached us $71.2, a record high. Exports to the United States, Canada, Chile, Russia and other countries maintained double-digit growth.

"According to customs data, China's bicycle exports in 2020 grew 28.3% year on year to $3.691 billion, a record high; The export volume was 60.86 million, up 14.8% year on year; The average unit price of exports was $60.6, up 11.8 percent year on year. It is almost certain that bicycle exports in 2021 will surpass those in 2020 and hit another record high." China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Mechanical and Electronic Products Exhibition Center senior manager Liu Aoke predicted.

Liu Aoke told the International Business Daily that since last year, China's bicycle exports have bucked the trend of growth due to three factors: first, increased demand, the outbreak of the epidemic has made people more interested in a healthy and safe way of cycling; Second, the outbreak of the epidemic has blocked production in some countries, and some orders have been transferred to China. Third, overseas dealers in the first half of this year to cover the strong trend.

"Although the export has achieved growth, bicycle enterprises are also faced with difficulties such as delivery delay caused by tight supply of raw materials, rising raw material prices, exchange rate fluctuations, difficult to find shipping space, and rising freight rates. The overall benefit of the industry has not increased significantly with the growth of exports, and the overall profit margin of the industry is lower than before." Liu aoke bluntly said that there is still a gap between the average price of China's bicycle export and that of Germany, Japan, the United States, the Netherlands and other countries that produce middle and high-end bicycles. In the future, it is urgent for The development of Chinese bicycle enterprises to accelerate the improvement of product structure and gradually change the situation that the domestic bicycle industry is dominated by low value-added products.

It is worth mentioning that the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) has entered the countdown to its entry into force. RCEP member countries account for seven of the top 10 export markets for Chinese bicycles, which means that the bicycle industry will enjoy major development opportunities after RCEP takes effect.

Statistics show that in 2020, China's bicycle exports to the 14 countries involved in the RCEP free trade Agreement amounted to 1.6 billion US dollars, accounting for 43.4% of the overall export, with a year-on-year growth of 42.5%. Among them, exports to ASEAN amounted to $766 million, accounting for 20.7% of the total exports, up 110.6% year on year.

At present, among RCEP member countries, Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia do not reduce the tariffs on all or most of the bicycle products, but half of the countries have promised to reduce the tariffs on Chinese bicycles to zero within 8~15 years, and Australia, New Zealand, Singapore and Japan have promised to directly reduce the tariffs to zero.